Six issuers sell an NVIDIA token on chain. The four busiest traded within 0.12% of each other on the median day. We measured who trades each one.
Gaurav Agarwal
Over 12 months on Ethereum's eight busiest Uniswap v3 pools, liquidity providers collected $41.6M in fees and ended $20.4M behind simply holding their tokens.
Gaurav Agarwal
The wallet linked to Ansem airdropped about 74M $ANSEM; the first nine recipients sold $2.6M. It still holds 58%. Only 47% of measured traders are in profit.
Bitquery Research
Only 1 in 50 Pump.fun Mayhem graduations filled the pool with the usual 85 SOL. Similar regular coins did so at least 22 times as often, every month.
Gaurav Agarwal
Pump.fun devs and their bundled wallets made at least $579M on launches to 30 June; sniper bots made $31.5M. We checked who bought 8.2M new coins first.
Gaurav Agarwal
Sandwich bots buy just before your Solana swap and sell just after it. We counted 6.9 million attacks in 11 months that took $29.7M from memecoin buyers.
Gaurav Agarwal
Solana has 5.9 to 17.3 million active trading wallets a month, and 4.6 to 10.2 million pass every bot test. Bots, 1% to 3% of wallets, make most of the swaps.
Gaurav Agarwal
The Ledger CryptoBilis hack drained $102.0M from 324 wallets on six chains. How one thief did it, where the money went, and what Tether froze.
Gaurav Agarwal
We tracked 1,015,687 Meteora DAMM v2 pools: 89% were rug pulled, 79% within an hour. Who drains them, what real buyers lost, and how to spot a rug pull.
Gaurav Agarwal
At least 22% of Solana swaps failed in 11 months, mostly trading bots racing each other. The losers still paid at least $11.3 million in fees.
Gaurav Agarwal
Solana trading apps took $422.4 million in fees in ten months, and Axiom got 48%. What each app charges per trade, and where Jito tips go.
Gaurav Agarwal
1 in 58 Pump.fun coins graduated and 79% never traded after launch day. We followed 11.5 million new Solana tokens over 11 months, 78% from Pump.fun.
Gaurav Agarwal
Address poisoning plants a lookalike address in your history with a tiny dust transfer. On Solana it hit 4.5 million wallets in 11 months; 1,104 paid the fake.
Gaurav Agarwal
Challenging a Polymarket result costs a $500 bond. We traced every dispute for 30 days: one wallet filed 80 and won 80, four wallets lost $23,000 in one night on a Uruguayan match, and the nine big UMA voters who decide the outcome never once tipped a result.
Divyasshree
Polymarket's favorite on the morning of the vote won 87% of this year's Senate, House and governor primaries. We checked every on-chain price against the result.
Gaurav Agarwal
Polymarket's midterm odds now give Democrats a 65% chance to win the Senate, up from a third in January. We read every on-chain bet behind the odds.
Gaurav Agarwal
The 79AU (79thVault) drain took $14.35M from its PancakeSwap pool. How the token's pull switch worked, where the BNB went, and the key that can still use it.
Gaurav Agarwal
Hunter Biden says his team never sold the $LAPTOP coin. The founders' wallet is untouched, but three other team wallets sent 48M tokens toward exchanges.
Gaurav Agarwal
About 8.05 million wallets hold USDT0 on Polygon. 48% hold under a cent, and about 1.1 million are address-poisoning look-alikes.
Gaurav Agarwal
What an atomic cross-chain transaction between Ethereum and a layer 2 is, how the Ethereum Economic Zone's first one worked, what it changes for users, and what checks it.
Gaurav Agarwal
We read every Litecoin block since 2011. Use is the lowest since October 2023, its private pool grew 21-fold and miners earn 85% from Dogecoin.
Gaurav Agarwal
Two bot clusters made 65% of Avalanche DEX volume after its price floor. They trade like arbitrage bots following Binance and pay a third of all AVAX gas fees.
Gaurav Agarwal
rwa.xyz counts $11.4 billion of real-world assets on Avalanche. On the chain, 94% of that is one copper-gold token, and 97% of the token sits in the wallet it was created in.
Gaurav Agarwal
Avalanche's stablecoin supply fell from $2.13 billion to $998 million. Circulating USDt fell further than that, and Binance's and OKX's wallets lost more than the whole drop.
Gaurav Agarwal
Avalanche had its busiest year in 2026. We sorted every C-Chain transaction by who sent it: 95% of the daily active addresses in the second quarter were one contract's wallets.
Gaurav Agarwal
One group of 108 wallets did 37% of all trading in Coinbase's tokenized stocks on Base over 30 days. Every trade settled with a wallet our labels identify as Wintermute's.
Gaurav Agarwal
We checked 13 weekends of tokenized stock trading from six issuers. By 6pm Sunday ET the typical token had priced in 10% of Monday's opening move; by 9am Monday, 85%.
Gaurav Agarwal
We read every Algorand block since 2019. In September 32% of its transactions were copies of chess games, and half its active wallets came from one app.
Gaurav Agarwal
A New York judge dismissed the LIBRA class action on September 29, 2026. The $57.6 million once frozen in the case had already left its wallets, through Binance, a wallet that pays Bybit, and deBridge.
Divyasshree
PreStocks' OpenAI and Anthropic tokens went from no transfer fee to 5% in 23 days. A day later the issuer ordered a cut to 1%. It has collected $2.2M in fees.
Gaurav Agarwal
ether.fi's node firms held 2.26 million of the 3.18 million native ETH restaked on EigenLayer in March 2026. By July 8 they held 5,869. The exit, day by day.
Gaurav Agarwal
A thief took 3,865,000 USDT from the vault NEAR Intents uses on BNB Chain. We traced 99% of it: 34.69 BTC in 4 wallets, $802k into KuCoin, and a slice swapped through NEAR Intents itself.
Gaurav Agarwal
Lido's stETH paid 5.26% in 2021 and 2.38% in 2026. The ETH staked on Ethereum grew almost elevenfold, and tips shrank from a third of rewards to about 6%.
Gaurav Agarwal
Leaked private keys emptied 20,932 TradeWiz wallets on Solana of about $459,000. The wallet that took the money had traded through TradeWiz a month before.
Gaurav Agarwal
MetaMask Staking began exiting 16,965 Ethereum validators on 30 September. The intruder diverted 0.36 ETH in block tips. We read the chain for the scale and the order of events.
Gaurav Agarwal
Wallets we can link into airdrop farms almost never claimed a second 2026 drop: 3% on Ethereum, 7% on BNB Chain, against about a quarter of other claimers. The serial claimers are mostly not farms.
Gaurav Agarwal
Tokens named after websites that promise a reward were pushed into Optimism wallets 275 million times in September, 44% of all transfers on the chain. Each push cost under a millionth of a dollar.
Gaurav Agarwal
218,489 wallets claimed edgeX's EDGE airdrop. 85 of them, all set up in the ten days before the claim, took 180 million tokens. edgeX locked 140 million of it.
Gaurav Agarwal
Eight wash-traded memecoins on Robinhood Chain show 53,000 holders. 96% of those slots belong to addresses that have never done anything, filled by each token's creator.
Gaurav Agarwal
Most 2026 airdrop pots reached claimers. Some sat unclaimed, some went back to the project, and at Bitway 44 wallets got 196M BTW in one transfer that led to two exchanges.
Gaurav Agarwal
Axiom's Priority charge on Robinhood Chain collected $9.4 million in ten weeks. We timed the trades that paid it. They landed about 15 ms sooner, and paying more bought nothing.
Gaurav Agarwal
57 fake tokens copied the names of 25 of 2026's 51 biggest airdrops. They were pushed into wallets 5.4 million times, and every one had a DEX pool ready.
Gaurav Agarwal
In ten BNB Chain airdrops, 43% of 754,000 claimers swapped their tokens through Binance Wallet within a day, half of them within about a minute.
Gaurav Agarwal
We read every Dogecoin block since 2013. This year 87.5% of the DOGE moved went back to its sender, and use is at its lowest since 2017.
Gaurav Agarwal
We tracked every claimer of 2026's 51 biggest EVM airdrops. Most moved their tokens within a day, and three in four tokens now trade below their first week.
Gaurav Agarwal
We traced every wallet that claimed Fabric Protocol's ROBO airdrop. One group, funded through seven exchanges, took 87% of the tokens and sent them all to Bitget.
Gaurav Agarwal
Section 309 of the CLARITY Act ordered a Treasury study of crypto mixers. The bill stalled on September 15. We took its six questions to the Ethereum record.
Divyasshree
A forum post says Compound's Foundation turned $8.4M of DAO reserves into COMP and voted with it. We checked the money, the votes and what they changed.
Bitquery Research
GIWA, Upbit's Ethereum L2, had not launched. Someone built a copy with the same chain ID and a working bridge. We traced every deposit, the drain and the exit.
Divyasshree
An analyst tied 53 Robinhood Chain memecoin launches to one group. We rebuilt the case from the chain: 56 launches, $15.5 million taken, $11.4 million still parked.
Gaurav Agarwal
Three groups of bots bought ahead of FOMO app orders on Robinhood Chain for two weeks. We measured every sandwich, what users lost and where the orders leaked.
Gaurav Agarwal
Kelp DAO's developer is suing LayerZero over April's rsETH bridge hack. We checked the lawsuit's claims against the Ethereum, Unichain and Arbitrum record.
Bitquery Research
A flaw in the exchange contract behind several NFT markets let anyone take an NFT from a wallet that had approved it. We measured both sweeps.
Gaurav Agarwal
On September 24, 2026, about $387 million left Bitget on nine blockchains, most of it in two timed bursts. We traced all 23 transfers and where the money sits now.
Bitquery Research
Abracadabra's Ethereum books say 34.7 million MIM is owed. Seven in ten of those were left behind by a 2024 move, and one in five sits with an attacker.
Bitquery Research
One Rari Fuse pool on Ethereum claims 7.3 billion DAI, more than exists. It is one of nine dead or broken markets that together record $12 billion of debt.
Bitquery Research
The Kelp DAO rsETH hack left Aave with $124.5 million of bad debt. In the week after, depositors pulled a net $12.4 billion out of its main market.
Bitquery Research
Almost 1,900 addresses have cleared bad loans on Ethereum since 2021, but a handful of bots do most of the work. Cheap gas now lets them clear $80 loans.
Bitquery Research
Two Base wallets bought $2.18 billion of tokens in 30 days from pools they had filled themselves, and got more than 99.9% of the USDC straight back.
Bitquery Research
In 30 days, 1,707 BNB Chain wallets traded $4.76 billion of quq, a token worth under $2 million, stopping almost every day at Binance Alpha points steps.
Bitquery Research
By our tests, $144.1 billion of DEX trading on six chains in 30 days was not real, from 58.4% of Solana's indexed volume to 1.5% of Arbitrum's.
Bitquery Research
By our tests, $117.7 billion of Solana DEX trading in 30 days, 58% of the volume in the pools we index, was not real. Most was one move, a buy and a sell in one transaction.
Bitquery Research
Loops built on Ethena USDe peaked at $7 billion on Ethereum in August 2025. A year later $1 billion was left. What paid for them, and what ended them.
Bitquery Research
DeFi lending on Ethereum peaked at $35 billion in August 2025, then lost almost half in a year. Who lends, who borrows, and why the money left.
Bitquery Research
On Robinhood Chain, 26,000 wallets, most used for a single trade, passed eight memecoins and the ETH to buy them down a line: $322.5 million of fake volume.
Bitquery Research
One wallet recorded $33.8 billion of PancakeSwap trades on BNB Chain in 30 days by pushing the same USDT through small, brand-new pools. Its gas: $38.
Bitquery Research
Two dead Morpho lending markets on Ethereum record $14.7 billion of debt. Borrowers took about $7.5 million. We traced how, and why nobody can close them.
Bitquery Research
A viral post said StonkFun's fee wallet sold almost $50M of coins. It sold $56.3M in 30 days, and almost all of the money went back to holders.
Bitquery Research
We measured Filecoin's storage market from its first block to August 2026: who supplies storage, who brings data, who pays, and where the deals went.
Bitquery Research
We rebuilt every DEX swap on Optimism in 2026. Since July it trades about $20 million per day. Bots make 86% of it, and people trade under $3 million.
Bitquery Research
We rebuilt both CFTC cases from the Polygon chain: the two accounts behind $316,343 of Biden pardon bets, and nine accounts betting on the war with Iran that made $2.48 million.
Bitquery Research
TOKEN2049 Singapore runs October 7–8, 2026; the Singapore Grand Prix follows on October 9–11. Four F1 teams and the series carry a crypto exchange as a partner. We asked the ledger one question in two directions: does paying for F1's name bring users to an exchange, and what happens when people take the name without paying? Thirty days of on-chain data answer both.
Divyasshree
One wallet faked $91 billion of DEX trades on Base in August and paid under $1. We found $108 billion of wash trading that needed almost no money in 2026.
Bitquery Research
On September 20, four days after launch, the Arc blockchain by Circle showed $81 million of DEX volume. Two transactions from two wallets produced $40 million of it, in tokens named after WETH and Argus.
Divyasshree
The SingularityNET hack, measured on three chains: 2.3 billion AGIX, FET, NTX, CGV and WMTX minted with the projects' own keys, and what is left of the real supply.
Bitquery Research
EtherHiding, measured on five chains: ClearFake's unpublished contracts, North Korea's still-live malware wallet, and the frozen Tron hub where its money went.
Bitquery Research
Three ACTFUN contracts sent 590.96M ACT to one wallet after a key exposure. We traced the tokens and a $50,178 cross-chain exit.
Bitquery Research
We checked every Pons v2 token on Robinhood Chain and found 637,257 priced cross-pool trades with $2.48 million in swap surplus.
Bitquery Research
Circle blockchain trading reached 160.12 million USDC in the measured launch-day hours. Which Arc launchpads led, and did their tokens keep trading?
Bitquery Research
On the morning of 15 September a Gnosis Safe on Ethereum lost 2,900 aEthrsETH without anyone signing a transaction. The path had been on for months. We reconstruct the 24 seconds around the capture, the junk token that made the swap possible, and why 2,882 rsETH is still sitting in one wallet.
Bitquery Research
Every CoW Swap order is won in an auction by a solver. We read all 2.34 million settlements across five chains in 2026: $23.3 billion in volume, 32 solvers active on Ethereum in the first half of September, and 36.8 million COW paid for winning, 52% of it to one team.
Bitquery Research
A set of linked Polymarket accounts bet on whether companies would beat their quarterly earnings. On the clients of one audit firm they won 19 of 21 markets against prices that predicted 14, and almost every bet went on before the company filed its results. On every other market they traded, they finished where the odds said they should.
Bitquery Research
An attacker held three of the five keys to Dominion's silver token. We traced the drain, two trips through Chainflip and the freeze that followed.
Bitquery Research
We counted every Cardano transaction since 2017. Transactions are down 72% since 2022, and stakers now earn 150 times what users pay in fees.
Bitquery Research
Counterfeit SОL, ВТС and USDС tokens, spelled with Cyrillic lookalike letters, traded $330 billion of volume among 39 wallets on Solana in 30 days. About $192K of real money went in. The volume gives the fakes a price that indexing sites pick up.
Divyasshree
Pump.fun now lets creators price a new coin in Tesla, NVIDIA or the S&P 500. Four other launchpads got there first. We read every trade in that market for 31 days: 43.3 million of them, across 148,782 coins, and the people buying are down $287 million.
Bitquery Research
Arbitrum carries $5.43B of tokenized real-world assets. We priced every one, then checked who holds them. Of $4.24B in tokenized stocks, $26.1M is held by anyone other than the issuer. Across the whole market 44,306 addresses hold something, and 2,008 hold more than a hundred dollars.
Bitquery Research
We rebuilt the Zcash rich list from every transaction since 2016. It covers 11.97 million ZEC out of the 16.87 million that exist. The rest sits in shielded pools with no address, and the top of the list is stranger than the missing part.
Bitquery Research
A Telegram airdrop bot kept its users' private keys. A new wallet then emptied 2,442 dormant Ethereum wallets, half of them LootBot's own payers.
Bitquery Research
We counted all 5.06 billion XRP Ledger transactions since 2013. In August 2026, 793 accounts sent 93% of the traffic and the median account held 12 XRP.
Bitquery Research
Hunter Biden's $LAPTOP launched on Base on September 9 and fell 96.6%. Contracts carrying the ticker now number 4,075, and five fakes out-printed the real one.
Divyasshree
We matched every asset on Stellar against the account that issued it, back to 2015. Ondo's Treasury note is now the biggest thing on the chain, payments carrying real assets are up 47% while the people receiving them are down 24%, and 10,943 accounts paid real money for a ticker that belonged to somebody else.
Bitquery Research
Hooks carry 74.5% of Uniswap v4 trades on Robinhood Chain. One contract runs most of them, records a 0% pool fee on 9.2 million swaps, and takes a median 1% that no trade record reports.
Bitquery Research
Someone minted about 4,000 L-BTC that never existed, cashed it out through SideSwap, and the Liquid federation paid 3,996 BTC to a wallet it had never seen. A day of negotiation in OP_RETURN later, 3,400 BTC came back and the whitehat kept 598.5. We rebuilt every transaction on both chains.
Bitquery Research
We counted every x402 protocol payment on six chains in 2026. Five chains, five different businesses, one signature. One bridging contract takes 88% of the money, agents take 71% of the payments, and one processor charges a fee.
Bitquery Research
Thirty-two days of every Pons trade on Robinhood Chain, rebuilt from the raw contract logs. 207,893 coins made, 3,228 reached Uniswap, and two thirds of 314,736 wallets finished behind.
Bitquery Research
Robinhood Chain had left its minimum gas price twice before and come back both times. On 24 August it left again and has not returned. Gas is 25 times dearer, the chain now takes about $4.5 million a day, and it pays Ethereum about $400 for the same day's work.
Bitquery Research
Thirty days of every meme coin trade on Robinhood Chain and Solana, read from one table with one set of rules. Robinhood's volume more than doubled in three weeks while Solana's stood still, and one launchpad did it.
Bitquery Research
We read all 965,135 Bitcoin blocks for text people hid in them: coinbase notes, OP_RETURN, fake addresses. 96,231 unspendable outputs spell whole documents.
Bitquery Research
94% of the people trading ZEC on Hyperliquid never touch a real coin. On the day Zcash got its first spot ETF, four wallets opened with an identical 0.99 ZEC test, bridged in 128,625 coins and sold every one of them for $103.2M.
Divyasshree
Aquifer, a trading venue on Solana, paid out 212 swaps and collected nothing for any of them. The buyer's balance was a file he had written himself. We traced the theft, the sale and the exit, and found the money sitting untouched on Ethereum.
Bitquery Research
We rebuilt the Patoshi pattern from raw blocks and audited every coin: 1,023,352 BTC has never moved, and the public Patoshi list has been still since 2017.
Bitquery Research
Cronos froze its own blockchain in the middle of a robbery, then rewound it and struck the theft from the record. We indexed the chain to four seconds before it stopped, added up what the drain took, and followed the part that got away.
Bitquery Research
Arbitrage was crypto's closest thing to free money. Across five chains and twelve months we measured 139 million trades earning 69 cents apiece, and a six-year decline of more than 90 percent in dollar terms on all three chains with a long enough record, while the number of competing contracts kept rising on two of them.
Bitquery Research
Banks and asset managers have put shares, gold, government debt, private credit, property and carbon on public blockchains. We took 31 days of every trade on 9 chains and checked which of them anyone is actually buying.
Bitquery Research
Five issuers now sell Apple, Nvidia and the S&P 500 as crypto tokens that trade every hour of every day. We took 30 days of that market across 6 chains and measured how much money it can actually take.
Bitquery Research
Part II of our Cyberleek investigation follows the wallet that actually launched the coin. The launch capital was layered through six hops, parked for nineteen hours, and fired on launch day, a chain that community sleuths traced toward a KYC exchange. The hops were booby-trapped against tracers, and the deployer's own posting clock points to Central Europe.
Divyasshree
Polymarket's short crypto markets keep trading after their clock stops and before the chain is told who won. We measured every bet placed in that gap.
Bitquery Research
Cyberleek registered its domain on August 14, minted its token on August 15, and leaked GTA VI on August 18 with QR codes for the coin burned into the footage. The launch came first. Then bots with no link to the operation took $158,000 out of the pump in six minutes.
Divyasshree
Every Polymarket wallet looked up and timed: about 1 in 200 place orders around the clock, they account for 63% of all trades, and almost all hold ordinary accounts.
Bitquery Research
A year of Polymarket up and down markets measured on-chain: volume peaked in March, Polymarket fees took about $150M, and 96% of players left by August.
Bitquery Research
Four years of Bitcoin blockspace measured: payments flat at 7.1M a month while their share of the chain fell from 89% to 35%. BIP-110 failed with 0 of 1,415 blocks signalling.
Bitquery Research
All 11,085 USDT freezes on Ethereum and Tron: $5.85B caught, $1.43B destroyed. Freeze late and 88% is already gone. Released addresses waited a median 386 days.
Bitquery Research
The US sanctioned Tornado Cash in 2022, then reversed it in 2025. We read every deposit across 19 Ethereum pools since 2019 to find out whether sanctioning software on blockchains actually works.
Bitquery Research
Every TRON account carries a rewritable permission structure, so control can be handed to a different party while the balance never moves. A seven-year census of 320,186 permission changes across 240,140 accounts.
Bitquery Research
Address poisoning attacks hit 8 million Ethereum wallets in a year and stole $76.1 million, including a $50 million theft our first count missed.
Bitquery Research
Every USDC transfer across Hyperliquid's Arbitrum bridge: $80.084B in, $79.660B out, 1.28 million addresses, and a June 2026 "bank run" that was 58% one wallet.
Bitquery Research
Polymarket is 38.7% of Polygon transactions, 62.2% of its gas and 70% of its USDC.e volume, from 0.72% of its addresses. A 12-month Bitquery investigation.
Bitquery Research
A flaw in a popular bitcoin hardware wallet let thieves empty 3,297 addresses across four waves, 1,240 BTC worth roughly $80M. The first wave took 41 minutes. Bitquery traced every coin: 94.8% has never moved, and the one pool that did left a 46-minute signature.
Bitquery Research
A month of Binance's tokenized US stocks on BNB Smart Chain, $2.46 billion across 4,418,699 trades and 16 traded contracts, and the hour of peak volume is three in the morning in New York.
Bitquery Research
Thirty days of every tokenized-equity trade on Solana, $342.5 million across 1,785,543 trades and 26,211 wallets, and the federal holiday a blockchain had no reason to observe.
Bitquery Research
Thirteen days of Robinhood Chain's complete trade record, 63.5 million trades across 823,712 wallets, and what they show about how the chain is really used.
Bitquery Research
A Bitquery analysis traced $1.5 billion moving from the world's largest exchanges into gambling sites over twelve months. Two-thirds of it came from one exchange, and most of that went to a single casino.
Bitquery Research
A full on-chain accounting of Collector Crypt's Solana gacha: $622.6M wagered across 17,544 wallets — who profited, who paid, and where the house edge really sits.
Bitquery Research
A Bitquery analysis of twelve months of Ethereum deposits found Stake drawing roughly four of every five on-chain gamblers, 78% in April 2026, while rivals fade.
Bitquery Research
$ANSEM looks like a fair-launch fairy tale: a coin that died, then 370×'d when its namesake showed up. The chain says something else. Six days before the public could trade, 65% of the supply was already in one wallet.
Bitquery Research
Of 339 Solana tokens that faked volume with four or fewer wallets, exactly zero attracted a real crowd. The ones that flip share a different fingerprint.
Divyasshree
A defect in SecondFi's wallet-generation code let one attacker sweep 129 million ADA from 3,072 Cardano wallets, reconstructed transaction by transaction.
Bitquery Research
All 25 calls from a Solana 'AI scanner' channel, checked on-chain. Five ever ran; twenty fell 70% to 99% within the hour. The winners are survivorship.
Divyasshree
6,018 buyers, $2M in volume, no real holders, and one deployer owns 99.3% of the supply and ships a new patriotic-sounding token almost every day.
Bitquery Research
Six major exchanges fed a four-day-old burner that moved $812M on TRON in plain sight. Every hop public, zero compliance alerts, cash-out at OKX, Kraken, and Binance.
Bitquery Research
A single 15,000 USDT Flash USDT payment opened a TRON laundering circuit that moved more than $110 million in 90 days. Exchange monitoring flagged none of it.
Bitquery Research
